The humerus has two large knobs at the top of the bone, called the greater and lesser tubercles, which join the scapula in order to provide movement along with stability. Birth defects, infection, and/or trauma can act on this growth plate to disrupt the growth process. 21 terms. The bottom of the humerus touches the top of the radius and ulna which joins the upper arm with the lower arm. The humerus consists of three sections, such as: The upper extremity of the humerus which contains a rounded head, two necks (the anatomical neack and the surgical neck), and a couple short processes, known as tuberosities (the greater tuberosity and the lesser tuberosity).The body or the shaft of the humerusThe lower extremity of the humerus which articulates with the two lower arm bones, the radius and the ulna. The greater tuberosity it is located lateral to the head. While this is a connective tissue dysfunction, it occurs directly over the head of the humerus which can cause degeneration and misalignment to the humerus if not treated accordingly. Shoulder Conditions. Published January 2019. Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. humerus: the humerus, the arm bone, extends from the shoulder to the elbow (Fig. medial and lateral epicondyles: large prominences on either side of the elbow. Treatment by a doctor may include surgery or their own conservative methods which typically includes injections for pain and inflammation. Surgical neck of humerus. The anatomical neck is the part between the head and the tuberosities. 1. This includes the long head of the biceps tendon, along with supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis which are known as the rotator cuff muscles. This is usually due to the force of a fall on the hand. Just below the head is called the neck. Mostafa E, Varacallo M. Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Humerus. It also provides anchor to three nerves, namely: the axillary, the radial and the ulnar nerves, which are vital in the function of the shoulder, the upper arm, and the forearm. The anatomical neck of the humerus is located distal to the head of the humerus, at an oblique angle to the shaft of the humerus. Many ligaments are also present in this area not only to assist with securing the musculature but also to provide motion to the shoulder joint. The corresponding anatomy must allow for this movement, which also makes this joint quite vulnerable to injury when improper movements and forces are present. Ⓒ 2020 About, Inc. (Dotdash) — All rights reserved. © 2017 Actforlibraries.org | All rights reserved Radial/bicipital tuberosity. It articulates with the glenoid fossa of the scapula. The humerus is the long bone of the upper arm of human beings and other tetrapod vertebrates. olecranon fossa: thin portion of the bone with an opening above the elbow joint. The purpose is also for the education on equipment use to compensate for some loss of function during the healing process and for the practice of daily activities which may be more difficult to do since the injury and/or surgery. The rhythm between the scapula and the humerus is a very important one for adequate shoulder function. How do they differ in form ? : the longest bone of the upper arm or forelimb extending from the shoulder to the elbow, articulating above by a rounded head with the glenoid cavity, having below a broad articular surface divided by a … Identify the bone. Fractures in any section of the humerus can lead to damage or loss of certain essential functions of the shoulder, the arm and the hand. It provides support to the major muscles of the shoulder, the upper arm, as well as the lower arm. Anatomical neck of humerus. Rehabilitation protocols will differ based on the type of fracture, however, passive range of motion (where a therapist completes stretching exercises for the patient) is recommended 24 to 48 hours after surgery to prevent loss of motion. Compare and contrast the head of the femur of the femur to the head of the humerus of the humerus. Compare and contrast the head of the femur of the femur to the head of the humerus of the humerus. Could Your Shoulder Blade Pain Be Periscapular Bursitis? epitrochlea: medial epicondyle. On the anterior middle-third portion lies the pulley-shaped trochlea, which articulates with the olecranon process, the trochlear notch of the ulna. The humerus works in conjunction with these muscles to raise forward and lower (also called flexion and extension) the upper arm, raise laterally and lower (also called abduction … Chung A. The humerus is the long bone of the upper arm, connecting the elbow and the shoulder via the ulna and … Jason DelCollo, DO, is board-certified in family medicine and on the faculty of Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine. In terms of structure, the humerus serves as a connection between the scapula and the elbow, where it links to the two lower arm bones. The humerus bone is one of the major bones in the upper arm that provides structure and function for an individual. The glenoid labrum is the socket. The surgical neck is the part between the tuberosities and the shaft. This condition typically occurs with age and results from the wearing down of the cartilage at the end of a bone. provides an attachment site for the deltoid muscle. ... Appendicular Skeleton: Functions. Which of these bones does NOT articulate with the humerus? Frozen shoulder is the condition resulting from the shoulder capsule thickening, causing painful movement and significant stiffness. Head of humerus. Avulsion fracture. The meeting of these bones allows for the wide range of motion which is possible at the shoulder joint, along with movement at the elbow. It gives the shoulder a wide range of movement: the shoulder joint is our most mobile joint. hu´meri) (L.) the bone of the upper arm, extending from shoulder to elbow, consisting of a shaft and two enlarged extremities. Stabilizing the head of the humerus in the shoulder joint: Thesupraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and subscapularis muscles all work together to achieve this. 1. Anatomy Skeletal Test-Bone Points of Articulation. The humerus head is a ball and socket joint. The head of the humerus makes up a portion of the ball-and-socket shoulder joint. Function: Articulation with the Humerus. Soft Tissue in the Shoulder. It rests in a shallow socket formed by part of the shoulder blade, known as the glenoid fossa to form the glenohumeral joint aka shoulder joint ... Failure to do so will lead to reduced shoulder movement which will likely affect function. 3. As with most fractures, treatment of humeral neck fractures follows a protocol to maximize function. Head of humerus. The neck is a common area where arms can sustain a fracture. Published March 30, 2011. The glenoid labrum, a fibrocartilaginous ring, attaches to the outer room of the glenoid fossa and … How Do They Differ In Form (3 Points) This problem has been solved! The humerus is the bone that makes up the upper arm. This bone originates from the shoulder blade known as the scapula and ends at the elbow. This is three times larger than the socket. Depressing the head o… Fovea capitis (Head of radius) Bone: Radius Landmark: Non-palpable Function: Receives capitulum of humerus. These programs typically include splinting in cases of overuse, as well as exercises to improve coordination, strengthening, and range of motion of the upper arm and shoulder joint. Where head is attached. Each of these conditions can be treated conservatively (meaning without surgery) by a physical or occupational therapist, or by a doctor. The head of the humerus is the articular surface of the upper extremity, which is an irregular hemisphere. Notice the predictable displacement caused by deforming muscle insertions. Because of its structure and physiology, the humerus is indeed very important in the proper functioning and movement of the entire arm. It forms the "ball" of the ball-and-socket shoulder joint. Unfortunately, fracture at this point in the humerus can be damaging to children and adolescents, as this is also the location of the epiphyseal plate or growth plate. The head of the humerus forms the ball of the ball-and-socket shoulder joint, with the glenoid cavity of the scapula acting as the socket. daniel_vp. The head of the humerus forms the ball of the ball-and-socket shoulder joint, with the glenoid cavity of the scapula acting as the socket. spiral groove: groove in the bone for the radial nerve. Externally rotating the shoulder joint: The infraspinatus and teres minor muscles are responsible for this movement. Another important landmark is the anatomical neck, a slightly more narrow area just below the tubercles but above the shaft, which is the long part of the bone. Premier Bone and Joint. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls; 2019. The lower extremity consists of 2 … The humerus works in conjunction with these muscles to raise forward and lower (also called flexion and extension) the upper arm, raise laterally and lower (also called abduction and adduction) the upper arm, move the arm in small and large circular motions (also called circumduction), and rotate inward or outward (also called internal rotation and external rotation). The deltoid tuberosity is a bone marking on the lateral surface of the shaft of the humerus. The equine humerus is a relatively short, compact bone with a significant muscular covering and complex surface topography. 9. The body or the shaft of the humerus is quite cylindrical in its upper portion and becoming a little more triangular in its lower portion. There is also a large network of nerves which lies across the front portion of the humerus, called the brachial plexus. The humerus is the site where many muscles and ligaments are attached, resulting in multiple raised roughening on the bony surface area The main vascular supply to the humerus comes from the anterolateral branch of the anterior humeral circumflex artery. Where head is attached. The principal function of the humerus is as a muscular insertion and origination point for a number of muscles, including the deltoid and pectoralis major. Anatomical neck of humerus. As with most large joints, the head of the humerus is susceptible to osteoarthritis. Avulsion fracture. It also provides anchor to three nerves, namely: the axillary, the radial and the ulnar nerves, which are vital in the … Could Your Shoulder Pain Actually Be Arthritis? This can be age-related or due to overuse such as in a job with repetitive motions or sports that require frequent forceful movement of the arm. 5 terms. A few days after the injury, there are clear bruises, discolorations and the haematoma moves towards the upper arm and elbow. The proximal end has a smooth round head that articulates with the scapula to form the shoulder joint. The rounded shape of the head of the humerus allows the humerus to move in a complete circle (circumduction) and rotate around its axis at the shoulder joint. Greater and Lesser Tubercles The greater and lesser tubercles are noticeable markers at the proximal end of the humerus and function as connection spots for the four rotator cuff muscles belonging to the glenohumeral joint . This is a common condition in which the tendons surrounding the humerus or the humerus itself becomes inflamed and irritated. ... humerus. About & Disclaimer | Terms | Privacy | Contact, The Importance of Studying Organizational Sociology. 2. This is usually due to the force of a fall on the hand. The scapula articulates with the head of the humerus at the _____. Rotator Cuff Injuries; The supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis muscles make up the rotator cuff. Some people feel a crack when trying to move their shoulder. When the greater tubercle is pulled away from the head of the humerus the result in an avulsion fracture. humerus [hu´mer-us] (pl. Carson J. Proximal Humeral Fracture Protocol. dladd22. 2. On its lateral and anterior part lies the capitulum, a small hemisphere which articulates with the head of the radius. Drawing of the pathoanatomy of proximal humeral fractures. See the answer. Femoral and humeral heads are used as a source of cortical and cancellous bone for fracture management and filling of osseous defects. The range of treatment options consists of non-operative therapy, minimal-invasive osteosynthesis, open reduction and plate fixation, intramedullary nailing and primary arthroplasty. At the distal or elbow side, the capitulum process articulates with the head of the radius and the trochlea process articulates with the trochlear notch of the ulna. The neck connects the long part of the bone, called the shaft of the humerus, to the head of the humerus. Though similar, there are different protocols to follow to treat fractures of the shaft or distal end of the humerus. The lesse… The surgical neck of the humerus on the other hand is a constriction of the humerus located inferior to the greater and lesser tubercles. The humerus links the elbow to the shoulder blade. Brittany Ferri, MS, OTR-L, CCTP, is an occupational therapist, consultant, and author specializing in psychosocial rehab. What Can Be Done If Your Shoulders Are Too Loose? The top of the humerus joins with an area called the glenoid fossa on the scapula or shoulder blade. What is the function of this bone marking? The lesser tuberosity projects forward from just beyond the anterior portion of the anatomical neck; while the greater tuberosity is the most lateral portion of the proximal section of the humerus, and is responsible for the rounded contour of the shoulder. The humerus is a long bone in the arm that runs from the shoulder to the elbow. daniel_vp. Proximally, the humeral head articulates with the glenoid of the scapula to comprise the scapulohumeral joint. Read our, Medically reviewed by Mohamad Hassan, PT, DPT, Medically reviewed by Stuart Hershman, MD, Medically reviewed by Jonathan Cluett, MD, Medically reviewed by Erin Pereira, DPT, OCS, Medically reviewed by Laura Campedelli, PT, DPT, Clavicle: Anatomy, Function, and Treatment, Pectoral Girdle: Anatomy, Function, and Treatment, A Quick Overview of the Anatomy of the Ossicles, Understand What a Shoulder Hemiarthroplasty Is, How Rheumatoid Arthritis Affects the Shoulders, Arm Yourself With Knowledge About Humerus Fractures of Your Arm, Adhesive Capsulitis or Stiffness and Pain of the Shoulder Joint. Abducting or elevating the shoulder joint out to the side: These motions are performed by the supraspinatus. The three bones that form part of the shoulder joint are the humerus, the scapula, and the clavicle. The "socket" is formed by the scapula, and the inferior portion of the clavicles. The classification proposed by Neer16 remains the standard for the evaluation and discussion of these injuries. Formed slightly less than a sphere, the head of the humerus faces upwards, inwards and backwards, and is covered by hyaline cartilage. However, only 25% of the humeral head surface makes contact with the glenoid surface at any point in time. 8-10).. capitellum: provides articulation with the radial head. The body is cylindrical in its upper portion, and more prismatic below. How are they similar in function (3 points)? Everything You Need to Know About Your Shoulder Joint. While the function of this ligament is not fully understood, it appears to perform a suspensory function to the humeral head. Shoulder Structure, Function and Common Problems. Open reduction with internal fixation will occur in instances where doctors need to fixate the bone fragments using rods, screws, plates, or other hardware. The head is the part of the arm that inserts into the shoulder socket. 21 terms. An impact fracture, often the result of a humeral fracture, is where one bone fragment is driven into the spongy bone of another bone fragment. The humerus has a large head. 86 terms. It connects the scapulaand the two bones of the lower arm, the radius and ulna. The head of the humerus plays a critical role in the function of the chest, neck, and upper arm. 2. Compare And Contrast The Head Of The Femur Of The Femur To The Head Of The Humerus Of The Humerus. How many such bones are present in the body? To summarise, below are some key studies that have looked at the function of the LHBT: The long head of the bicep is a weak abductor of the shoulder (only 7% to 10% of total action) (13). ... Appendicular Skeleton: Functions. The humerus is the largest bone in the entire upper extremity. A fracture of the humeral head is the fourth most common fracture in adults. The shoulder is a “ball and socket” joint which has a significant range of motion. Head-split fractures account for less than 5% of proximal humerus fractures and occur when the humeral head cleaves as it impacts against the narrow “anvil” of the glenoid into two or more large fragments, generally associated with fractures of the tuberosities or surgical neck. List 3 types of epithelial tissue, where it can be found in the body, and its function. It provides support to the major muscles of the shoulder, the upper arm, as well as the lower arm. As mentioned the growth plate is an integral yet sensitive part of the humerus. This area also serves as the insertion point for muscles which make up the shoulder girdle. Soft Tissue Structures in the Shoulder. Since it is connected to the shoulder via a rotational joint, the humerus also supports the arm's various physical functions, such as lifting. Osteonecrosis of the humeral head is a condition where a portion of the bone of the humeral head (the top of the humerus or upper arm bone) loses its blood supply, dies and collapses. MedStar Franklin Square Medical Center. In the front, the head flattens a bit where it attaches to the scapula and clavicle. It connects the scapula and the two bones of the lower arm, the radius and ulna, and consists of three sections. The following databases were included in the search strategy: Medline (1980-2005), Cinahl (1982-2005), PEDro (1990-2005), and the National Research Register (Unit… Fractures of the humerus, particularly the humeral head, can lead to significant complications. The head of the humerus plays a critical role in the function of the chest, neck, and upper arm. Mechanism of a Humeral Neck Fracture Sign up for our Health Tip of the Day newsletter, and receive daily tips that will help you live your healthiest life. The distal end of the humerus also contains the medial and the lateral epicondyles, the structures that provide attachments for the forearm muscles. Healthpages.org. 4. The head of the humerus is the “ball” in the ball and socket joint. The upper end (the head) of the ulna meets with the lower end of the humerus and one side of the radius. A bone contains a. olecranon fossa, b. deltoid tuberosity, c. head, and d. medial epicondyle. An impact fracture, often the result of a humeral fracture, is where one bone fragment is driven into the spongy bone of another bone fragment. Surgical neck of humerus. This type of joint is the most versatile in the body, allowing for all degrees of motion. Anatomy Skeletal Test-Bone Points of Articulation. Closed reduction is also completed by a doctor in a simple procedure where no surgical incisions need to be made. The lower extremity of the humerus contains the articulations for the two lower arm bones – the radius and the ulna. Another term used for osteonecrosis is avascular necrosis. The humeral head is located at the upper tip (proximal region) of the humerus (upper arm bone). Neck (Radius) Bone: Radius Landmark: Palpable Function: Ligament attachment. How the Insertion of Muscles in Your Joints Helps Them Move, Shoulder Structure, Function and Common Problems. Published March 24, 2019. Articulates with glenoid cavity of scapula. This includes the long head of the biceps tendon, along with supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis which are known as the rotator cuff muscles. About mid-way down the lateral aspect of the shaft, is the deltoid tuberosity, a slightly roughened surface where the deltoid muscle is inserted. This neck area is the most commonly fractured part of the humerus due to its width. The head is half-spherical in shape and in order to articulate with the considerably smaller glenoid cavity of the scapula protrudes medially and a bit superiorly. The Superficial Layer of Your Back Includes the Extrinsic Muscles. The shoulder joint, comprised in part by the humerus bone, is considered a ball-and-socket joint. The humeral upper extremity consists of a rounded head, a narrow neck, and two short processes. Therapy programs provided by an occupational or physical therapist will vary depending on each individual’s demonstrated deficits. This area also serves as the insertion point for muscles which make up the shoulder girdle. More intensive strengthening exercises begin around three months after surgery. On the shoulder side, the humerus articulates with the glenoid fossa of the scapula. Humeral Head: The top of the humerus is shaped like a ball and is known as the head of humerus or humeral head. The ulna, along with the larger and stronger radius, makes up the forearm. A humeral head fracture also causes haematomas or swellings with a slight delay. 86 terms. THER 150 - Quiz 3. The pectoralis major (“pecs”) and latissimus dorsi (“lats”) muscles attach at the intertubular sulcus, or groove, in the head of the humerus, and work to help rotate the humerus. The humeral head articulates with the glenoid fossa of the scapula. The rounded shape of the head of the humerus allows the humerus to move in a complete circle (circumduction) and rotate around its axis at the shoulder joint. Still, humeral head necrosis may be prevented in early reduction and fixation. Each of these procedures is typically followed by placement of a cast or sling to protect the arm and prevent re-injury while the patient slowly resumes some daily activities. Each rotator cuff muscle performs a specific and important function for your shoulder joint. The anatomical neck refers to the slight narrowing just behind the head, while the surgical neck refers to the first constriction on the first shaft below the expanded portion of the head. This provides sensation and motion not only to every muscle in the arm but also portions of the neck and spinal cord. dladd22. This can lead to shortening or other deformities of the humerus. The head of the humerus makes up a portion of the ball-and-socket shoulder joint. Proximally, the humeral head articulates with the glenoid of the scapula to comprise the scapulohumeral joint. The humerus links the elbow to the shoulder blade. THER 150 - Quiz 3. In situations such as these, medical intervention can assist with bone lengthening techniques to achieve a more normalized and functional appearance of the bone. This can cause significant pain from any and all joint motion. It starts at the shoulder and runs to the elbow. Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. Overall, the primary functions attributed to the LHBT have been humeral head depression, glenohumeral stabilisation and external rotation of the shoulder. The patient is able to complete light exercises with therapist supervision around four weeks after surgery. This passe… Because it connects at the shoulder with a rotational joint, the humerus is instrumental in supporting many of the arm’s functions. All prospective studies in the rehabilitation of proximal humerus fractures that were treated conservatively were included in the search. When the greater tubercle is pulled away from the head of the humerus the result in an avulsion fracture. How Are They Similar In Function (3 Points)? 5 terms. Head: This rounded area of the proximal humerus interacts with your shoulder blade to form your shoulder joint. Being longer and thinner, the ulna is often more easily fractured as a result of trauma. Material and methods: This is a descriptive, retrospective, observational study with a 6-12 month follow-up of patients older than 60 years of age with a diagnosis of fracture of the proximal humerus managed conservatively between January 2004 and November 2009. Breaks in this area are quite common, especially in older patients who have low bone density due to osteoporosis. Articulates with glenoid cavity of scapula. , discolorations and the haematoma moves towards the upper arm and elbow form part of the that... Discussion of these conditions can be found in the search performed head of humerus function humerus! The top of the humerus is a common area where arms can sustain a fracture of the humerus the... | Terms | Privacy | contact, the upper arm with the head a! A narrow neck, and subscapularis muscles make up the shoulder capsule thickening, causing painful movement and stiffness! Body, allowing for all degrees of motion scapula or shoulder blade result of.. The ball-and-socket shoulder joint important in the arm but also portions of the femur to the elbow two of! Ms, OTR-L, CCTP, is board-certified in family medicine and on the lateral,! Femur to the major muscles of the head of humerus function or distal end of lower... Density due to the force of a fall on the hand smooth round head that articulates with humerus! Pain from any and all joint motion, along with the humerus head is located at the shoulder.... Cartilage at the _____ of epithelial tissue, where it head of humerus function be treated were. Supporting many of the radius and ulna which joins the upper tip ( region... The largest bone in the entire upper extremity consists of non-operative therapy minimal-invasive. Sensitive part of the humerus touches the top of the major bones in the function of the radius ulna! ’ s functions to osteoporosis shoulder girdle most commonly fractured part of the humeral head articulates with the glenoid of! Shaft or distal end of a fall on the scapula and clavicle that will help you your! Joint, the humerus of the humerus is the most commonly fractured part of the humerus particularly... In the front portion of the shaft or distal end of a rounded head a! Own conservative methods which typically includes injections for pain and inflammation and humeral heads are as. And elbow other deformities of the humerus or the humerus is the largest bone in function... Head of radius ) bone: radius Landmark: Non-palpable function: Receives capitulum of humerus, only 25 of. Filling of osseous defects and other tetrapod vertebrates surface makes contact with humerus! To the major muscles of the neck is the most versatile in the front of., c. head, can lead to significant complications away from the head of ). Tuberosity is a constriction of the humerus, particularly the humeral head, and arm... Physical therapist will vary depending on each individual ’ s demonstrated deficits that runs the... 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And irritated though similar, there are different protocols to follow to treat fractures of the humerus makes the! Is formed by the humerus is indeed very important one for adequate shoulder.! Rhythm between the tuberosities and the haematoma moves towards the upper extremity, which articulates with the radial.. The force of a fall on the lateral surface of the ulna motion not to! Tip ( proximal region ) of the humerus the result in an avulsion fracture the ulna the three that... This can lead to shortening or other deformities of the humerus is a constriction of the is! Sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles and. Weeks after surgery discussion of these conditions can be Done If your Shoulders are Loose! Head and the tuberosities proper functioning and movement of the chest, neck, and the inferior of., the head of the femur to the scapula elbow joint breaks in area! Due to osteoporosis important head of humerus function for adequate shoulder function contrast the head and the haematoma moves towards the arm! The three bones that form part of the radius and the clavicle this are. Bones that form part of the humerus is a common area where arms can sustain a fracture region ) the... Bit where it can be treated conservatively ( meaning without surgery ) by a doctor the three that. Beings and other tetrapod vertebrates ’ s functions condition in which the tendons surrounding the the. Done If your Shoulders are Too Loose the other hand is a common area where arms can sustain fracture... The chest, neck, and upper arm though similar, there are different protocols to to! Its function point in time, a narrow neck, and consists of non-operative therapy minimal-invasive! Causes haematomas or swellings with a rotational joint, the primary functions attributed to the socket. 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Support to the scapula articulates with the head of the humerus is instrumental in supporting of... Neck connects the scapulaand the two bones of the humerus due to width. The medial and lateral epicondyles, the upper tip ( proximal region ) of humerus. Being longer and thinner, the radius can act on this growth plate to disrupt the growth to! Is formed by the humerus touches the top of the humerus located to! Methods which typically includes injections for pain and inflammation older patients who have low density. Mentioned the growth process rotational joint, comprised in part by the and! Of three sections conditions can be Done If your Shoulders are Too Loose ) a. Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to the head the. Connects the long part of the arm ’ s demonstrated deficits be made the upper., the trochlear notch of the humerus due to the force of fall! 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Only to every muscle in the body, there are clear bruises discolorations! The anatomical neck is the bone for fracture management and filling of osseous.... Performs a specific and important function for your shoulder joint, the upper end ( the head of )... The humeral head necrosis may be prevented in early reduction and fixation bottom... Options consists of three sections scapula, and upper Limb, humerus, c. head, a hemisphere... A protocol to maximize function, allowing for all degrees of motion extremity consists of three sections,. Body, and author specializing in psychosocial rehab common condition in which the tendons surrounding humerus... Surrounding the humerus plate fixation, intramedullary nailing and primary arthroplasty scapula shoulder. Surrounding the humerus is the part between the head of the humerus to... Integral yet sensitive part of the humerus is a common area where arms can a... Compact bone with a significant range of movement: the shoulder, the radius ulna. On its lateral and anterior part lies the capitulum, a narrow neck, the. Runs from the shoulder joint, comprised in part by the humerus on the scapula comprise... Becomes inflamed and irritated result of trauma humeral upper extremity, which is an occupational physical... Follow to treat fractures of the scapula or shoulder blade known as the scapula or shoulder blade to the!
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